2022-09-12 23:59:27
大学写作的一大目的,就是用一种明确而容易理解的语言来表达思想。然而很多学生并没有意识到这一点,他们无法清楚地知道自己所写文章中应该包含哪些内容。因此,许多人认为大学英语写作教学应当注重于词汇和语法方面的训练。要帮助读者认识复杂的思想,就必须自觉地懂得怎样把全文组织起来,怎样构成每段文字。初学英文写作,基本上都学会了用First、Sencond、Addtionally、Further、Finally等词语开始每段文字的整理,它们都是过渡词语。但是并不是所有过渡词均为独立的词语,有的甚至要求短语完整,然后这类短语就叫做过渡短语。熟悉和理解这些词和短语的用法,有助于写作过渡更有效率,更顺利。
过渡词描绘了词和短语之间的关系,尽管在学习写作时,很多学生通常会在段落开头使用过渡词,但这并不是唯一使用过渡词的地方,过渡词也可以使用在句子与句子之间,句子开头或句子的中间。虽然清晰的写作主要是通过在整篇论文中对想法进行故意排序来实现的,但也可以通过在单个句子中使用过渡词来引导读者了解自己正在建立的逻辑关系。过渡词和短语可以在想法之间建立强大的联系,并可以帮助读者理解论文逻辑。
不同的过渡词有不同的用处,所以过渡词被划分为不同的类别。接下来会分享8种不同类型的过渡词及过渡短语的用法。
类型1:因果关系
因果关系过渡词显示了一种行为如何导致特定结果,或某种意图和其某种行动之间关系的单词和过渡短语。
accordingly
as a result
and so
because
consequently
for that reason
hence
on account of
since
therefore
thus
例如:
Consequently,elderly participants were not recruited as the survey content would have been irrelevant.
类型2:时间
时间类型过渡词主要是时间关系,特别是描述某件事发生时间或什么时间将发生某个事件。
after
afterwards
always
at length
during
earlier
following
immediately
in the meantime
later
never
next
now
once
simultaneously
so far
sometimes
soon
subsequently
then
this time
until now
when
whenever
while
例子:
This caféis a perfect place to enjoy good food and dazzling sunsets simultaneously.
类型3:对比转折
对比转折类型的过渡词和短语主要是用来连接不同及存在差异的两件事。
although
and yet
at the same time
but
despite
however
in contrast
nevertheless
nonetheless
notwithstanding
on the contrary
on the other hand
otherwise
unlike
while
例子:
Despite his harsh words,he’d left a present for her on the nightstand near her bed.
类型4:例子类
例子类过渡词表明一个概念支持另一个概念,或者通过提供证据、强调,或者举例的单词及短语。
as an illustration
for example
for instance
specifically
that is
to demonstrate
to illustrate
explicitly
in other words
especially
例子:
I love all kinds of pizza,especially stuffed-crust pizza.
类型5:总结类
总结类词及短语是结束段落、论点和文章的过渡词。这些词也可以用来总结和重申想法。
in conclusion
in the end
to conclude
in brief
in sum
in summary
in short
to sum up
to summarize
finally
lastly
overall
in a nutshell
例子:
In a nutshell,the problem is that we had to move out of that office.
类型6:地点类
地点类的过渡词到关注某物所在的位置,或者两件事之间的物理或空间关系。
nearby
beside
over
where
behind
next to
under
beyond
amid
among
adjacent to
below
in front of
例子:
A bird hide is situated adjacent to the lake.
类型7:顺序递进
顺序递进类的过渡词主要是连接一系列的事件。
additionally
again
as a result
besides
even more
further
furthermore
in addition
in the first place
in the second place
last
moreover
next
例子:
He sprained his wrist and,as a result,he will not be playing in the tournament.
写在最后,单词的选择对于有效沟通至关重要,这包括为每个句子选择正确的过渡词。过渡词和短语是散文,论文或其他写作文章的重要手段组成,并且改善了句子之间的连接和转换。希望本文对写作起到参考的作用。
原文链接:https://www.academicgod.com/writing-tips/987.html
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